CECILIA DE TORRES, LTD.
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JOAQUÍN TORRES-GARCÍA
Born in Montevideo, Uruguay on July 28, 1874; died in Montevideo, August 8, 1949

In 1891 his family left Uruguay and moved to Cataluña, Spain, native home of his father's family; in 1893 studied at the Academia de Bellas Arts and at the Academia Baixas; joined the Cercle Artistic de Sant Lluc; met Joan and Julio González; 1907 saw Puvis de Chavannes' drawings for his murals in the Pantheon of Paris at an exhibition of French art; discovered the early Renaissance Italian painters and Hellenistic art, taught at the progressive children's school Mont d'Or; 1909 married Manolita Piña de Rubiés; 1910 visited Puvis de Chavannes' mural at the Pantheon in Paris; 1912 studied fresco painting in Florence and Rome; 1913 wrote and published Notes sobre art, his first book of artistic theory, encouraging a return to a Greco-Roman tradition; 1914-1917 left Barcelona and settled in Tarrasa at Vila Mon Repos; 1917 met fellow Uruguayan artist Rafael Barradas; published the manifesto Art evolutió; Joan Miró began visiting Torres; 1920 left Spain for New York, via Paris and Brussels; visited Pablo Picasso in Paris; 1920-1922 lived in New York; received moral and financial support from Isabelle Whitney; formed friendships with Edgar Varése, Jean Xceron; exhibited with Stuart Davis; 1922 returned to Europe and settled in Fiesole, Italy; 1924 moved to Livorno and later Villefranche-sur-Mer, southern France; 1926 settled in Paris; met the painter Luis Fernández through Julio González; 1928 met Theo Van Doesburg; visited the exhibition Les artes anciens de l'Amérique at the Musée des Arts Décoratifs; 1929 met Piet Mondrian, Georges Braque, Juan Gris, Jacques Lipchitz, Le Corbusier and Michel Seuphor; sent his children to study with Amedée Ozenfant; became interested in Purism; painted his first Constructivist works; 1930 founded Cercle et Carré with Michel Seuphor; 1932 moved with his family to Madrid; tried unsuccessfully to introduce modern art in Madrid and failed to form a school of constructivist art; 1934 returned with his family to Montevideo; wrote his autobiography, Historia de mi vida, founded the Asociation of Constructive Art (AAC); 1936 began publication of Círculo y Cuadrado, second series of Cercle et Carré. 1943 founded El Taller Torres-García; 1944 painted seven large murals at the St. Bois Hospital. In addition to creating many of his most important works, Torres-García spent his Montevideo years giving public lectures, writing newspaper articles and several books on modern art and artists, organizing cultural events and teaching and inspiring the best and brightest of the region's young artists.

Selected One-Person Shows:
1900Sálo de "La Vanguardia," Barcelona
1912,1913,1916, 1918, 1926, 1929   Galeries Dalmau, Barcelona
1922Gallery Hanfstaengel, New York
1926Galerie G. A. Fabre, Paris
1927Galerie Carmine, Paris
1928Galerie Zack, Paris
1929Galerie Jeanne Boucher; Galerie Percier; Galerie Jean Charpentier, Paris
1933Museo de Arte Moderno, Madrid
1950Sidney Janis Gallery, New York; Galerias Laietaines, Barcelona
1955Musée National d'Art Moderne, Paris
1956XXVIII Biennale de Venezia: Sala Torres-García, Palazzo Centrale, Venice
1959V Bienal de São Paulo: Sala Torres-García, São Paulo
1960,1963,1965   Rose Fried Gallery, New York
1961Pan American Union, Washington, D.C.; San Francisco Museum of Art;
Stedelijk Museum, Amsterdam; Städtische Kunsthalle, Baden-Baden
1970National Gallery of Canada, Ottawa; Guggenheim Museum, New York;
Museum of Art, Rhode Island School of Design, Providence, Rhode Island
1971,1974  Archer M. Huntington Art Gallery, University of Texas, Austin
1973Museu d'Art Modern, Barcelona; Museo Español de Arte Contemporáneo, Madrid
1975,1979  Musée d'Art Moderne de la Ville de Paris
1978Museu de Arte Moderna, Rio de Janeiro (exhibition destroyed in a fire)
1980Museo de Bellas Artes, Caracas, Venezuela
1981Museo de Arte Moderno, Mexico City
1985,1986  Hayward Gallery, London; Fundació Joan Miró, Barcelona;
Stadtische Kunsthalle, Düsseldorf; Museum of Fine Arts, Houston;
  Miami Center for the Arts
1991Centro de Arte Reina Sofía, Madrid; IVAM Centre Julio González, Valencia
1994XXII São Paulo International Bienal, Sala Torres-García
1996Fundaçao Arpad Szenés-Vieira da Silva, Lisbon; Museo Pontevedra, Spain
1997Museo de Bellas Artes, Caracas
1997,1998  IVAM Centre Julio González, Valencia; La Pedrera, Barcelona;
Fundación BANCAJA, Madrid

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